Skip site navigation
Maryland Today
Athletics Arts & Culture Campus & Community People Research
Athletics Arts & Culture Campus & Community People Research
Research

The Appearance of Bias

Research Finds Link Between Skin Color, Tattoos, Scars and Tougher Criminal Sentences

Depending on your appearance, the scales of justice might tip differently.

Brian D. Johnson, associate professor of criminology and criminal justice, has been studying the connections between physical appearance, threat perceptions and criminal punishment. He’s found that convicted offenders with dark skin or visible tattoos or scars face tougher penalties in court, whole those who are attractive or have baby faces are less likely to receive prison sentences.

His research, which compared booking photos and sentences for a wide variety of convicted offenders, sheds new light on racial disparities in the justice system and on social inequities in punishment linked to physical appearance.

Related Articles

Research

October 15, 2025
UMD Researchers in Computer Science, Art and Earth Science Collaborate on 3D Renderings

Research

September 17, 2025
University, State Officials Celebrate New Partnership During Quantum World Congress